Updated November 24, 2025 at 1:18 PM EST
A federal judge on Monday dismissed the Justice Department's criminal cases against former FBI Director James Comey and New York Attorney General Letitia James, finding that the the acting U.S. attorney who secured the indictments against the two prominent critics of President Trump was unlawfully appointed.
Trump tapped Lindsey Halligan to serve as acting U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia after he pushed out the previous top prosecutor, who had expressed doubts about bringing charges against both Comey and James.
In her ruling, U.S. District Court Judge Cameron McGowan Currie said "all actions flowing from Ms. Halligan's defective appointment," including the indictments against Comey and James, "were unlawful exercises of executive power and are hereby set aside."
The cases were dismissed without prejudice, meaning the Justice Department may be able to bring those cases again.
Abbe Lowell, an attorney for James, said they would continue to fight any further charges against her.
"The President went to extreme measures to substitute one of his allies to bring these baseless charges after career prosecutors refused," Lowell said in a statement. "This case was not about justice or the law; it was about targeting Attorney General James for what she stood for and who she challenged."
Former lawyer for Trump
Halligan is a former insurance attorney who once served as Trump's personal lawyer before his return to office, when she joined his administration as a White House aide.
Halligan, who has no previous prosecutorial experience, was sworn in as acting U.S. attorney on Sept. 22. Three days later, she secured a two-count criminal indictment against Comey—just days before the statute of limitations expired. He has pleaded not guilty.
Two weeks later, Halligan secured an indictment against James on charges of bank fraud and false statements to a financial institution. James, too, has pleaded not guilty.
"I remain fearless in the face of these baseless charges as I continue fighting for New Yorkers every single day," James said in a statement.
In both cases, Halligan was the only prosecutor to present before the grand jury, the government has said in court papers.
Days before she was sworn into the role, Trump in a social media post called on Attorney General Pam Bondi and the Justice Department to prosecute Comey, James and California Democratic Sen. Adam Schiff.
Schiff is not facing charges but federal prosecutors are investigating him on allegations of mortgage fraud.
The Justice Department has defended her appointment and said it followed all proper procedures.
In their separate cases, Comey and James had both sought to have the cases against them dismissed. One of those alleges that Halligan was unlawfully appointed.
—NPR's Carrie Johnson contributed to this report.
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