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Winter Hiking Lesson Plans
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Online Viewing Quiz
- Name the Pennsylvania State Park where the Dalkemper's went hiking?
- What does it mean for a state park to be called a "Heritage Park"? How many Heritage Parks are in the state of Pennsylvania?
- Name the historical event that occurred on the current location of the state park.
- How far did the family hike?
Answers
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- Oil Creek State Park
- Heritage Park is a name given to a park where there is a historical connection to the area. There are five Heritage Parks in the state of Pennsylvania.
- On August 27, 1859 Colonel Edwin Drake discovered oil. The location of Drake's oil well is considered the birthplace of the Oil Industry.
- The family hiked six miles on their adventure.
Health and Safety
PA Academic Standards - 10.1 & 10.3
Staying healthy outdoors requires common sense, fitness, preparedness and the right kind of equipment. The water you drink, the food you pack and the clothing you wear will have an impact on your safety and health during a hike.
- The average person requires_______ quarts of water per day.
- True or False? It is safe to drink water found in nature if it looks clear and is found in a fast moving stream.
- True or False? Boiling water is the only acceptable method of purification.
- True or False? A high carbohydrate diet is ideal for energy during a hike.
- A backpack should not exceed ______pounds for a day hike.
- True or False? Construction and hiking boots offer the same protection and comfort.
Answers
Show/Hide
- The average person requires 3 to 4 quarts of water per day.
- False, all water found in nature could contain dangerous protozoa and bacteria and should be treated before drinking regardless of its clarity or where it is found.
- False, boiling does purify the water but it is also time consuming. Chemical treatments such as iodine or chlorine and hand held filters that remove both bacteria and protozoa are effective and more convenient.
- True, forget your "Atkins Diet", for maximum performance on the trail, your diet should be about 70% carbohydrates, 15% fat, and 15% protein. Consuming a high carbohydrate diet for several days prior to a trip will double your glycogen stores and increase your on-trail performance as much as three times.
- A backpack should not exceed 10 pounds for a day hike. If your backpack exceeds 10 pounds, revaluate what you have packed and eliminate unnecessary items.
- False, lightweight hiking boots that are well broken in, cushy socks and some foot powder are ideal for hiking. Construction boots are generally too heavy and not designed for walking on uneven ground. Wearing inappropriate footwear could result in injury.
Language Arts
PA Academic Standards - 1.4
Hiking can be a wonderful way to explore nature, exercise and enjoy the great outdoors. Most trails lead through public parks or natural woodlands therefore; it is important to respect nature and your surroundings. A common saying among hikers is "pack in. pack out." which means all garbage should be brought back to civilization and disposed of properly. Imagine you were in charge of designing an ad campaign to encourage people to respect nature. Write an advertisement using the "pack in. pack out" slogan.
Arts & Humanities
PA Academic Standards - 7.2
Using the "pack in. pack out." advertisement you designed in the previous section, draw a poster highlighting the importance of respecting nature and responsible hiking. Use a variety of materials such as pencil, paint or chalk to make your poster interesting. When your work is complete, share your ad with a local park or hiking club. They just might display your work or use your advertisement to educate others.
Geography
PA Academic Standards - 7.1
The ability to read a map is an essential skill for any hiker. There are a wide variety of maps and each has a special purpose. Test your map knowledge and see if you can match the type of map or map term with its description.
- The scale of the map explaining the various symbols that can be found on the map such as bodies of water, railroad tracks, trails or roads.
- A line representing a certain amount of elevation on a map.
- A map showing the detailed picture of terrain using contour lines.
- A map featuring general information about a park's major landmarks, hiking trails, campsites, restrooms, swimming, canoeing and other points of interest.
- A map designed using a smaller scale (1/2inch on map is equal to one mile on the trail). The smaller scale allows the map to cover a larger area but it does not provide topographical info.
- Topographical Map
- Bureau of Land Management Map
- Legend
- National Park Map
- Contour Line
Answers
Show/Hide
- c-Legend
- e-Contour Line
- a-Topographical Map
- d-National Park Map
- b-Bureau of Land Management Map
Learn Even More About Winter Hiking
Winter Hiking web sites:
Pennsylvania Hiking:
www.RealAdventures.com
Pennsylvania State Parks:
www.dcnr.state.pa.us/stateparks/hike/hikehome.aspx
Hiking:
www.TrailSource.com
Yahoo Hiking Reference Page:
dir.yahoo.com/recreation/outdoors
Leave no Trace:
www.lnt.org
American Hiking Society:
www.americanhiking.org
U.S. Geological Survey Topographic Maps:
topomaps.usgs.gov
Bureau of Land Management:
www.blm.gov
Resources Used
The Complete Hiker by John Long and Michael Hodgson copyright Ragged Mountain Press 1996,2000
Pennsylvania Outdoor Activity Guide by Sally Moore copyright Country Roads Press 1995
The Complete Idiot's Guide to Camping and Hiking Second Edition by Michael Mouland copyright Alpha Books 2000
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